简介：In summary, nucleic acid testing is capable of detecting HBV DNA in the absence of HBsAg and anti-HBc in a limited number of donors with a yield that approaches -1:410,000 donors. The issue of transmissibility from window period donations exists at some finite level in unvaccinated donors in which the yield is -1:690,000. The public health benefits of HBV NAT in blood banks remain unknown but are likely to be marginal at considerable cost in the US and Europe, but necessary in countries where the disease is endemic.